The math should be weighted by population
The math should be weighted by population. A country like China should have assloads of medals due to the huge number of potential Olympians. Factor in that some countries are rich…or in China’s case, money is irrelevant since many of their Olympians (like those poor gymnasts) are essentially slave-athletes, torn away from their homes and families made to serve the state. So money or child labour, whatever you want to call it, factor that in as well.
A small and/or poor country that eeks out a few medals is probably far more powerful than the US or China. And I think that if you factored in GDP, support system for Olympians and total population numbers, the Germans would be #1 in both Summer and Winter games. That’d be my guess. The US would probably be near the top, as would Japan.